For visitors, Zambia has a lot to offer. Blessed with 17 waterfalls including the spectacular Victoria Falls, the country is a fine destination for nature lovers and thrill seekers. Massive lakes, rich wetlands and breathtaking African sunsets contribute to the country’s scenic splendour. The wild Zambezi River is perfect for adrenaline rush activities such as river rafting, canoeing safaris, river surfing and tiger fishing.

The Zambian government has long recognised the economic importance of its wildernesses and is acutely aware of environmental concerns: almost one-third of the country is given over to national parks and game reserves. Zambia is the land of the legendary African walking safari: big game, abundant birdlife, and raw, pulsating wilderness are what visitors can expect to find in Zambia.

Zambia was first colonised by the British South African Company in 1889, although it was not until 1924, when the company ceded administrative control to the British Crown (whereupon it became the colony of Northern Rhodesia), that serious exploitation of the country’s main natural resource, copper, began. Unfortunately, Zambia has moved from being a major copper producer and potentially one of the continent’s richest countries to one of the world’s poorest.

From 1953 to 1963, the country found itself forming the northern part of the Central African Federation, essentially a pale form of apartheid, which enjoyed no support whatsoever among the black population. The colonial authorities ceded independence in 1964.

752,614 sq km (290,586 sq miles).

11 million (UN estimate 2005).

14.6 per sq km.

Lusaka. Population: 1 million (2005).

Republic. Gained independence from the UK in 1964.

English is the official language, but there are over 73 local dialects. The main languages are Bemba, Kaonde, Lozi, Lunda, Luvale, Nyanja and Tonga.

Around 30% of the population is Christian (Protestant and Roman Catholic), a smaller number are Muslim and Hindu, and a small minority have traditional animist beliefs.

GMT + 2.

African culture and traditions remain prominent and there are various customs, folklore and traditional crafts in the different regions. Traditional dancing is popular and there are many colourful annual ceremonies that take place throughout the country. Visitors to the outlying areas should expect to be met with curiosity. Shaking hands is the normal form of greeting. Gifts are often offered to visitors as a sign of gratitude, friendship or honour. One should never refuse a gift but accept it with both hands. Homosexuality is illegal; those caught engaging in homosexual acts can be sentenced to several years imprisonment.

Photography: Visitors are able to take photographs in most places but are advised to avoid military installations.

230 volts AC, 50Hz.

President Levy Patrick Mwanawasa since 2001.