Bermuda consists of a chain of some 180 coral islands and islets lying 1,046km (650 miles) off the coast of Cape Hatteras, North Carolina, in the Atlantic Ocean. Its coastlines are characterised by small bays with beaches of fine pale pink coral sand and surrounding vivid blue-green waters. Inland is an abundance of subtropical plants and flowers.

Bermuda was first discovered by Juan de Bermudez, a Spanish sailor, in 1505. It was claimed in England’s name by Sir George Somers, in July 1609. After colonisation, the island prospered and has continued to do so almost continuously ever since. The tourist industry, catering particularly for the American market, began in Victorian times. Today, there are still elements of British culture and customs in almost every aspect of life on the islands.

In 1968, the island was granted internal self-government (formally a British Dependent Territory) while the UK retained control of defence and foreign policy. The issue of independence continues to crop up. A referendum on independence was last held in 1995 but a low turnout produced a majority against independence. In June 2005, opinion polls showed 20.1% supported self-governance, with 65% opposed.

53.74 sq km (20.75 sq miles).

65,000 (official estimate 2005).

1,209 per sq km.

Hamilton. Population: 1,000 (UN estimate 2003).

British Crown Colony since 1684. Gained internal autonomy in 1968.

English is the official language. There is a small Portuguese population. Other languages are spoken by Bermuda’s residents originating from around the world.

Anglican, Roman Catholic, AME and Seventh Day Adventist and other Christian denominations.

GMT - 4 (GMT - 3 from first Sunday in April to last Sunday in October).

Many of Bermuda’s social conventions are British influenced, and there is a very English feel to the islands. It is quite customary to politely greet people on the street, even if they are strangers. Casual wear is acceptable in most places during the day, but beachwear (including short tops and ’short’ shorts) should be confined to the beach. Almost all hotels and restaurants require a smart casual dress in the evenings; check dress requirements in advance. Non-smoking areas will be marked. Drinking alcohol in public outside of a licensed premise is prohibited.

110 volts AC, 60Hz. American (flat) two-pin plugs are standard.

Premier Ewart Brown since 2006.

HM Queen Elizabeth II, represented locally by Governor Sir John Vereker since 2002.